Lee A. Bygrave

Lee A. Bygrave is professor at the Department of Private Law, University of Oslo, where he is in charge of the Norwegian Research Center for Computers and Law (NRCCL). For the past three decades, Lee has been engaged in researching and developing regulatory policy for information and communications technology. He has functioned as expert advisor on technology regulation for numerous organisations, including the European Commission, Nordic Council of Ministers, and Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. He was recently appointed by the Norwegian government to sit on Norway’s ICT Security Commission, with a mandate to recommend improvements to the country’s cybersecurity framework. He currently heads two major research projects at the NRCCL: VIROS (‘Vulnerability in the Robot Society’), which canvasses legal and ethical implications of AI-empowered robotics; and SIGNAL (‘Security in Internet Governance and Networks: Analysing the Law’), which studies transnational changes in the legal frameworks for security of critical internet infrastructure and cloud computing. Lee has published extensively within the field of data protection law where his two principal books on the subject – Data Protection Law: Approaching Its Rationale, Logic and Limits (Kluwer 2002) and Data Privacy Law: An International Perspective (Oxford University Press 2014) – are widely acknowledged as standard international texts. He has just completed co-editing and co-authoring a comprehensive article-by-article analysis of the EU General Data Protection Regulation – The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): A Commentary, which will be published by Oxford University Press later this year. He has also recently published several works on the challenges involved in realizing the ideals of ’privacy by design’ and Article 25 GDPR.